Testing Protocol

An effective treatment device may reduce the amount of hard sediment by half or more. It transforms part of the lime content into loose particles, which flow with the water.

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment, one has to compare the amount of lime in the form of' loose powder with the lime deposited on the container walls. (A layer of loose powder resting on a place of' flow can be mistaken for hard sedimentation. This may lead to an erroneous analysis.)

This obviously presents technical problems. It also takes a long time to produce enough lime for accurate weighing and analysis.

Another method of' testing uses miniature units of heaters or heat exchangers which can be weighed precisely enough after a few days of operation.

(This process is routinely followed by the Steinbeis Institute in Reuttingen. Germany.)

One method of' quantitative testing uses the visible turbidity produced in the treated water by the produced seeded crystals. Their platelet shape reflects the light, and this produces a slight, but measurable diffusion of that light. (Attempted by Professor Dr. Frahne Germany.)

The fracturing of "a number of super-molecules of the untreated water decreases the surface tension. Measurements of the change of surface tension with the necessary accuracy are not simple. The changes effected by the magnetic treatment are minute.

Any measurement requires a long time (several weeks) of water running in separate fines for the comparisons. Capable teams of scientists have to make measurements consistently over this time. Few laboratories are equipped to provide such amounts of streaming water and the necessary manpower.

In conclusion, exact measurements of, the treatment effectiveness are difficult and costly.

8. Can effects of magnetic water treatment be simply demonstrated rated?

Yes, by observations of changes of water behavior due to slight decrease of surface tension such as wetting and drying.

The surface tension forces the water to form drops and prevents it from wetting dry surfaces and powders.

A minor decrease of surface tension changes the action of water in many ways which are easy to observe.

Observation I
Place two small, measured amounts of any detergent into two test tubes and half'-fill both with water: one with untreated; the other with physically treated water. Shake vigorously. The test tube with untreated water will have a layer of foam on the surface of' the water; the one with the treated water will he filled to the top of the test tube with foam.

The foam on top of' the Untreated water disappears after an hour. The foam oil top of' the treated water will hardly diminish. A repetition of the same experiment the next day will give similar results. After three days no difference of' the water call be found.

Observation 2
Freshly developed photographic film watered in non­treated water dries within 20 minutes; washed in treated water it dries in 12 minutes under the same conditions.

Observation 3
A car hosed off with untreated water may be covered with water spots if it is not wiped dry. Well-treated water leaves no water spots.

Observation 4
Ice cubes produced in any standard freezer turn out differently when they are made from magnetically treated water.

Untreated water makes ice cubes that look opaque and that can he removed from the freezer trays easily in whole blocks. Magnetically treated water makes ice that looks as clear as glass. When removed from the freezer trays it tends to shatter into ice splinters.

Klaus Kronenberg, Ph.D Interview - Links to Pages:

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The Facts - Intro

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Proven Benefits

Magneto-
hydrodynamics

Interview of
Klaus Kronenberg, Ph.D

   Dr. Kronenberg
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Magnetized I

Magnetized II

Hard Water History

Endorsement by Nationally Known Nutritionist

Test results by Cranfield School of Sciences, Water Technology (pdf)

Hard Water Damages Your Home

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Federal Technology Alert (pdf)